Appendix A: Standardization, Reliability, and Validity Tables

Table A.9. Gender Differences in EQ-i 2.0 Scores

The following table provides EQ-i 2.0 means and standard deviations for males and females in the normative sample. F and p values convey the statistical significance of gender differences. p values less than .01, which were found for many EQ-i 2.0 composite scales and subscales, suggest significant differences between males and females.

Scale

 Male
(N = 2,000)		 Female
(N = 1,996)		 F
(1, 3985)		 p

Total EI

 M 99.8 100.2 0.78 .378
SD 15.2 15.2

Self-Perception Composite

 M 100.1 99.9 0.28 .598
SD 15.2 15.2
Self-Regard
M 101.3 98.7 27.11 < .001
SD 15.1 15.1
Self-Actualization
M 100.1 99.9 0.14 .711
SD 15.2 15.2
Emotional Self-Awareness
M 98.4 101.7 44.28 < .001
SD 15.3 15.3

Self-Expression Composite

 M 100.0 100.0 0.02 .884
SD 15.3 15.3
Emotional Expression
M 97.6 102.4 93.63 < .001
SD 15.2 15.2
Assertiveness
M 101.4 98.6 32.76 < .001
SD 15.3 15.3
Independence
M 101.6 98.5 41.62 < .001
SD 14.9 14.9

Interpersonal Composite

 M 97.5 102.5 101.97 < .001
SD 15.1 15.1
Interpersonal Relationships
M 98.6 101.4 31.83 < .001
SD 15.3 15.3
Empathy
M 96.3 103.7 232.15 < .001
SD 14.9 14.9
Social Responsibility
M 99.0 101.0 16.18 < .001
SD 15.1 15.1

Decision Making Composite

 M 100.9 99.1 12.41 < .001
SD 15.1 15.1
Problem Solving
M 102.0 98.1 63.84 < .001
SD 14.9 14.9
Reality Testing
M 100.2 99.8 0.62 .431
SD 15.3 15.3
Impulse Control
M 99.8 100.2 0.85 .358
SD 15.3 15.3

Stress Management Composite

 M 100.6 99.4 6.15 .013
SD 15.2 15.2
Flexibility
M 99.7 100.3 1.74 .188
SD 15.3 15.3
Stress Tolerance
M 102.2 97.8 83.72 < .001
SD 15.0 15.0
Optimism
M 99.5 100.5 3.68 .055
SD 15.2 15.2

Happiness

 M 99.7 100.3 1.66 .197
SD 15.2 15.2