Appendix A: Standardization, Reliability, and Validity Tables
Table A.8. Effect Sizes for Gender and Age Effects in the EQ-i 2.0 Normative Sample
The following table summarizes the effect sizes for the effects of gender, age, and the gender × age interaction on the EQ-i 2.0 Total EI score, composite scales, and subscales in the normative sample. Meaningful effect sizes (i.e., |d| ≥ .20, partial η2 ≥ .01), which were found for several EQ-i 2.0 composite scales and subscales, suggest differences among participants based on the demographic variable, and that separate demographic norm groups may be required.
Scale |
Gender (Cohen’s d) |
Age (partial η2) |
Gender × Age Interaction (partial η2) |
|---|---|---|---|
Total EI |
-0.03 | .02 | .00 |
Self-Perception Composite |
0.02 | .01 | .00 |
Self-Regard |
0.17 | .03 | .00 |
Self-Actualization |
0.01 | .01 | .00 |
Emotional Self-Awareness |
-0.22 | .00 | .00 |
Self-Expression Composite |
0.01 | .02 | .00 |
Emotional Expression |
-0.31 | .01 | .00 |
Assertiveness |
0.19 | .00 | .00 |
Independence |
0.21 | .05 | .00 |
Interpersonal Composite |
-0.33 | .01 | .00 |
Interpersonal Relationships |
-0.18 | .01 | .00 |
Empathy |
-0.49 | .01 | .00 |
Social Responsibility |
-0.13 | .02 | .00 |
Decision Making Composite |
0.11 | .02 | .00 |
Problem Solving |
0.26 | .04 | .00 |
Reality Testing |
0.03 | .01 | .00 |
Impulse Control |
-0.03 | .01 | .00 |
Stress Management Composite |
0.08 | .02 | .00 |
Flexibility |
-0.04 | .01 | .00 |
Stress Tolerance |
0.30 | .01 | .00 |
Optimism |
-0.06 | .02 | .00 |
Happiness |
-0.04 | .02 | .00 |
Note. N = 4,000. Positive Cohen’s d values represent higher scores in males, negative Cohen’s d values represent higher scores in females. Guidelines for evaluating |d| are .20 = small, .50 = medium, .80 = large. Guidelines for evaluating partial η2 are .01 = small, .06 = medium, .14 = large.